How Severe Is Your Rheumatoid Arthritis?

From verywellhealth.com

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation of the joints, swelling, pain, stiffness, and, potentially, joint deformity. It can lead to long-term health complications.

In an autoimmune disease, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and damages healthy cells, thinking they are invading cells. RA is a progressive disease that can significantly affect well-being over time, particularly if the symptoms are not managed.

The disease affects everyone differently, so it can be hard for doctors to tell how severe a person's condition will become. However, certain factors may help predict the severity of your RA, including the number of joints affected, serostatus (presence or absence of certain antibodies in the blood), and inflammatory markers (ways to assess progression of the disease). 

RA symptoms can worsen over time, so the sooner a person with RA begins treatment, the better their overall health will be.

The Number of Joints Affected

The number of joints affected will determine how severe your RA is. In early-stage RA, because RA tends to affect the body symmetrically, you may experience pain in just your two wrists, for example. However, as time goes by, more joints become affected as well.

RA also typically first affects smaller joints, such as fingers and joints in the foot, and then progresses to larger joints, like ankles, knees, elbows, hips, and shoulders.

The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) developed the ACR/EULAR classification criteria to confirm a rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis. An overall score of six out of 10 strongly indicates that you have RA. The higher the number, the more severe your RA is likely to be. One of the criteria is joint involvement.

Serostatus

Serostatus refers to the state of having or not having detectable antibodies against a specific antigen, as measured by blood tests. In RA, tests look for the presence of what are called rheumatoid factor (RF) and cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies.

Limitations of the tests include a low sensitivity, which means they could produce incorrect results. Being seropositive, meaning RF or CCP antibodies are detected in your body, usually indicates that RA symptoms are more severe. CCP antibodies are highly specific, so it is very likely that you have RA if CCP antibodies are present.

Seropositive RA

Seropositive RA is when blood tests show that someone has RF or CCP antibodies, indicating that the person has a more severe case of RA. People with seropositive RA often have symptoms in other parts of their body besides their joints.

For example, nodules occur in 20%–30% of RA cases, almost exclusively in people with seropositive RA. These nodules are located most commonly near joints in the arms and elbows, but they also are prone to develop in the feet and knees. Rarely, nodules may form in the lungs, heart, or eyes.

People who have had active seropositive RA for many years may develop rheumatoid vasculitis. This is a condition in which blood vessels become inflamed.

Seronegative RA

Seronegative RA indicates a lack of CCP antibodies and RF in the blood. However, this does not necessarily mean you don't have RA.

One study has shown that study participants with seronegative RA had a better prognosis and less joint damage from the disease compared to individuals with seropositive RA. People with seronegative RA also demonstrated a better response to treatments, although the response was slower.

However, seronegative patients also ended up having similar progressive damage, as seen in X-rays, compared with seropositive patients. Therefore, seronegative status is not a harmless form of RA. Rather, it seems to show that seronegative patients have more active disease in the beginning.

Inflammatory Markers

Inflammatory markers like erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein indicate there is an inflammatory process in the body when they are elevated, like in the case of RA.

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate is a blood test that measures how quickly erythrocytes (red blood cells) settle at the bottom of a test tube that contains a blood sample. Normally, red blood cells settle relatively slowly. A faster-than-normal rate may indicate inflammation in the body. ESR is one of the tests used to diagnose RA.

Whether the results of this test show how severe a person’s rheumatoid arthritis symptoms are is not known. Some individuals with known RA have tested normal for ESR levels. 

C-Reactive Protein (CRP)

C-reactive protein is another test used to measure inflammation in the body. However, research on whether it's a reliable tool for RA assessment is mixed. 

A study that tested CRP levels in a group of nearly 28,000 women not showing any signs of RA before the study found that CRP could not predict which women were at risk for developing RA. The same was true even when the test was performed closer to the time some women were actually diagnosed with RA. 

Body fat can result in higher levels of CRP. So when CRP is used to measure inflammation in women with RA, the higher level of CRP could be due to body fat rather than disease activity.

Rheumatoid Arthritis Severity Scale (RASS)

The Rheumatoid Arthritis Severity Scale is designed to help doctors assess disease activity, functional impairment, and physical damage caused by RA.

Disease Activity Score (DAS)

The Disease Activity Score (DAS) measures disease activity, including swelling and tenderness, in 28 joints. DAS is based on a scale of one to 10, with one being the least severe and 10 being the most severe. This score helps your provider determine your baseline level of RA activity and track how it changes over time and throughout treatment.

One review performed by the ACR evaluated which measures accurately reflect RA disease activity. The Disease Activity Score with 28-joint counts (DAS-28) was among the final recommendations.

Functional Impairment

Joint inflammation and deformity associated with RA can lead to functional limitations. Functional limitations can cause problems with self-care tasks, such as grooming and dressing, as well as your ability to work, exercise, and socialize.

Physical Damage

Physical damage refers to symptoms such as joint deformity. It is one of the criteria used in evaluating RA severity. The more joint damage you have, the further along your RA is.

How Well Your Body Responds to RA Medications

Finding the appropriate medications or series of treatments to manage your RA is important to slowing its progression. By using a DAS score over the course of your treatment, your doctor will be able to track your response to medications.

Everyone is different, and you may not respond well to the initial treatments provided by your doctor. When this happens, it is easy to become discouraged. However, you can also view this as a process of getting closer to finding the right treatment for you.

Your Quality-of-Life Perception

Everyone has different physical, emotional, and psychological responses to their symptoms. Do not compare yourself to others or their progress with RA. Your body is unique, and it is the one you need to take care of.

In partnership with your healthcare provider, you can assess the severity of your RA, track its progress, and create a treatment plan that works for you. One study demonstrated that people with more severe RA pain tend to have a poorer perception of their social life, physical functioning, and overall health.

A Word From Verywell

RA disease severity can be managed by having a treatment plan in place and following it closely. Though the symptoms of RA can affect your quality of life, treatment can help slow the progression of the disease. Having a strong support network and staying on top of your illness can help ease the emotional strain that comes with living with a chronic condition.

https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-severe-is-your-rheumatoid-arthritis-5116118

The Link Between Psoriatic Arthritis and Breathing Problems

From verywellhealth.com

Psoriatic arthritis has been linked to several conditions that cause breathing problems. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory condition that causes red scaly patches on the skin. When the condition affects the joints, it is known as psoriatic arthritis.

Having psoriatic arthritis can put you at higher risk of developing respiratory diseases, such as asthma, sarcoidosis, interstitial lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer. 

Psoriatic arthritis causes systemic inflammation, which is believed to trigger these other diseases.

The risk of developing a lung condition with psoriatic arthritis can be up to 50% more than the general population. However, quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and treating your psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis can help reduce this risk.

How Psoriatic Arthritis Affects the Lungs

Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are thought to lead to lung conditions due to inflammation. Inflammation is the body’s response to harmful substances. It is normally how we heal. However, in diseases like psoriasis, the inflammation becomes widespread, affecting healthy tissues.

In psoriatic arthritis, inflammation-causing substances are released into the blood system. These then affect tissues throughout the body.

Ongoing inflammation can produce changes in the structures of the respiratory system, leading to different lung conditions. Depending on how the airways and lungs are affected, various outcomes can occur. Breathing problems can develop when the tissues of the lungs and respiratory system are affected.

Lung Conditions Linked to Psoriatic Arthritis

Although research is ongoing, links between several conditions and psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis have been found.

Asthma

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that causes narrowing and obstruction in the airways due to inflammation or an outside trigger like allergies. The inflammation caused by psoriatic arthritis can occur in your airways, making it difficult to breathe.

There is an increased risk of developing asthma if you have psoriatic arthritis. The risk of developing asthma with psoriasis is higher in those over the age of 50.

Sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that causes small clumps of cells to form in various parts of the body, most commonly in the lungs and skin.

A study of the Danish population found that people with psoriatic arthritis had a 50% higher risk of developing sarcoidosis due to the overlap of inflammation.

Interstitial Lung Disease

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the technical term for a complex set of lung conditions, including interstitial pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis.

Though one study showed a slight increase in patients who had interstitial lung disease and psoriatic arthritis at the same time, there was not enough evidence to definitively conclude that psoriatic arthritis puts one at higher risk of developing ILD. 

However, the study’s authors suggested that there may well be a connection due to the common inflammation patterns in both diseases. Further research is needed.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

COPD is a set of diseases that obstruct airflow in the lungs. This includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Having psoriasis puts you at a higher risk of developing COPD.

This association is greater in those with severe psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis. Smoking with either of these conditions can make the risk even greater.

Lung Cancer

Many cancer risk factors, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, have been associated with psoriasis. This may explain the association between psoriatic arthritis and lung cancer.

However, one study found an increased risk of lung cancer in those who have psoriasis, although the overall cancer risk is not elevated.

Risk Factors

There are certain risk factors that can increase your likelihood of developing breathing problems with psoriatic arthritis. These include but are not limited to:

• Smoking
• Genetics: Increased with a family history of the disease
• Obesity
• Infection: Such as HIV
• Trauma or injury to a joint
• Emotional stress

Symptoms and Signs

Though each condition has its own specific symptoms, if you have any of the following signs of a respiratory disease, you should talk to your doctor. These include but are not limited to:

• A frequent cough that does not go away, or a cough that produces a lot of mucus
• A whistling or squeaky sound when you breathe
• Shortness of breath, especially with physical activity
• Tightness in your chest

When to Call a Doctor

You should speak to your doctor regularly about your psoriatic arthritis and the risk of lung conditions. Staying on top of your treatment and having regular visits with your doctor can help keep you healthy.

Having an elevated risk does not necessarily mean that you will develop one of the lung conditions associated with psoriatic arthritis. But maintaining awareness can help prevent future problems.

If you experience any of the signs or symptoms of a lung condition, you should make an appointment to see your doctor as soon as possible.

When to Seek Emergency Help

If you experience difficulty breathing that does not get better, you have trouble walking and talking due to shortness of breath, or your lips or fingernails turn blue, seek emergency services immediately.

Frequently Asked Questions

How does psoriatic arthritis affect your ribs?

Psoriatic arthritis can affect your thoracic spine, making it difficult to expand your chest and ribs. Since the disease also causes pain and inflammation in the tendons and ligaments of the body, you may experience pain along your ribs.

How is psoriatic arthritis treated?

Mild forms of psoriatic arthritis can be treated with over-the-counter pain and anti-inflammatory medications to reduce pain and swelling. Corticosteroids may also be injected into the affected joints.

For more severe forms of the disease, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) may be prescribed to decrease signs and symptoms. In some cases, biologics may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and prevent further damage.

What other conditions are linked to psoriatic arthritis?

The following conditions are linked to psoriatic arthritis:

• Cardiovascular disease
• Metabolic syndrome
• Obesity
• High blood pressure
• High cholesterol
• Type 2 diabetes
• Anxiety and depression
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Kidney disease
• Sleep apnoea
• Liver disease
• Uveitis

Summary

Psoriatic arthritis is linked to several conditions that affect breathing. The inflammation seen in psoriatic arthritis can damage the airways and lungs. Conditions such as asthma, sarcoidosis, interstitial lung disease, COPD, and lung cancer occur more often in people with psoriatic arthritis.

A Word From Verywell

Getting diagnosed with a chronic illness can be difficult. Though you might feel overwhelmed to learn that your condition puts you at higher risk of lung problems, there are ways to prevent further complications.

Knowing all the possible conditions that are associated with psoriatic arthritis can empower you to take charge of your health and give you a sense of control over your well-being.

Don’t be afraid to talk with your doctor about any new or concerning symptoms, even if they seem small or inconsequential. Avoid smoking, follow the treatment plan your doctor develops for you, and ask questions.

https://www.verywellhealth.com/psoriatic-arthritis-and-breathing-problems-5188362

Arthritis warning: The seemingly healthy drink that can trigger arthritis symptoms

From express.co.uk

ARTHRITIS is an umbrella term for a range of chronic conditions that cause joint problems. Certain dietary decisions can trigger inflammatory responses in the body, triggering symptoms. A seemingly healthy type of drink falls into this category

Arthritis is a common condition that causes pain and inflammation in a joint. Living with arthritis isn't easy and carrying out simple, everyday tasks can often be painful and difficult. However, there are many things that ease symptoms, such as tweaking your diet.

Certain dietary decisions can aggravate arthritis by triggering an inflammatory response.

A surprising culprit is fruit juice because it can contain refined sugars, warns health practice Tristate Arthritis & Rheumatology. This is sugar which is extracted from the sugar cane or sugar beet plant and processed to remove its natural nutrients. "The refined sugar triggers the release of proteins in the body that can cause inflammation," warns Tristate Arthritis & Rheumatology.

According to the health practice, you should avoid refined sugar, corn syrup, fructose, sucrose, and maltose.

"Also some people should avoid sugar alternatives such as aspartame and sucralose which can cause an inflammatory response from the body," it advises.

"Many sodas, gum, sugar-free candy, and low-fat yogurt/pudding contain sugar alternatives."

 

Fruit juice contains refined sugar, which can worsen symptoms (Image: Getty Images)

Although unrefined sugar is often considered a healthier alternative to refined sugars, it is important to note that all sugar has undergone some form of processing and is unhealthy if consumed in large quantities.

Arthritis - foods to eat

While there’s no miracle diet for arthritis, fortunately, many foods can help fight inflammation and improve joint symptoms.

"For starters, a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, fish, nuts and beans but low processed foods and saturated fat, is not only great for overall health, but can also help manage disease activity," explains the Arthritis Foundation (AF).

Many of these dietary components are found in a Mediterranean-style diet.

In fact, studies confirm that eating foods commonly part of the Mediterranean diet help arthritis by curbing inflammation.

Oily fish are good sources of inflammation-fighting omega-3 fatty acids, for example. One study found those who had the highest consumption of omega-3s had lower levels of two inflammatory proteins: C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6.

Researchers have also shown that taking fish oil supplements helps reduce joint swelling and pain, duration of morning stiffness and disease activity among people who have rheumatoid arthritis.

Best sources include salmon, tuna, sardines, herring, anchovies and scallops.

Other key lifestyle tips

Exercise is also integral to managing arthritis symptoms. According to the NHS, being active can help reduce and prevent pain.

Regular exercise can also:

• Improve your range of movement and joint mobility
• Increase muscle strength
• Reduce stiffness
• Boost your energy.

"As long as you do the right type and level of exercise for your condition, your arthritis won't get any worse," adds the NHS.

https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/health/1453250/arthritis-symptoms-treatment-inflammatory-fruit-juices

How to Tell if You Have Arthritis in Your Neck

From msn.com

No matter where it occurs in the body, arthritis can be a real pain. One type, which goes by the name cervical spondylosis, can leave you with a stiff neck or major aches.

Often a side effect of aging, arthritis in the neck occurs when the discs, joints, and bones of the neck naturally deteriorate.

While you can't stop the aging process, you can take steps to delay its effect on the neck.

And if you do develop arthritis in the neck, you can often find relief from at-home treatment plan that includes medication, icing or heating, and/or physical therapy.

Here's what to know about arthritis in the neck, including the risk factors, treatments, and how to prevent it.

Meet your backbone

Composed of nerves, the spinal cord runs from the base of the brainstem down the back. A series of bones—the vertebrae—protect the area, collectively forming the spine. The area at your neck is technically called your cervical spine.

Your backbone contains discs that cushion and support the vertebrae. But over time, these vertebrae and discs naturally wear down, making them susceptible to arthritis.

What is arthritis in the neck?

There actually are three types of arthritis that can affect the neck: osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis.

Though arthritis in the neck often is the result of aging, that's not the only cause. Neck injuries and joint inflammation in the neck also can lead to arthritis in the neck.

Osteoarthritis in the neck

Osteoarthritis usually occurs due to wear and tear of the components in the neck.

Over time, the discs in between the neck vertebrae start to dry out, and the vertebrae start to become rougher. So you lose a lot of the cushion, support, and protection you enjoyed when you were younger.

"Disc degeneration causes the height between two vertebrae in the neck to decrease, which often results in two vertebral bones rubbing against each other," says Kern Singh, MD, a minimally invasive spine surgeon at Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush University in Chicago. "The friction induced by this bone-on-bone interaction can lead to the formation of bone spurs, or bone overgrowth fragments, which may induce neck pain, stiffness, and inflammation."

Osteoarthritis in the neck usually affects the lower portion of the neck.

Rheumatoid arthritis in the neck

This type of arthritis is an autoimmune disorder. If you have it, your immune system will attack and destroy the lining of the joints.

The disease usually first appears in the hands, knees, feet, and ankles, progressing to the neck.

"This results in increased inflammation at the joint, and the body's response to that inflammation comes in the form of pain and stiffness," says Rahul Shah, MD, a board-certified orthopaedic spine and neck surgeon at Premier Orthopaedic Spine Associates in Vineland, New Jersey. "With this type of arthritis, the hands are likely to be affected, as well as the upper portions of the neck."

Ankylosing spondylitis in the neck

Like rheumatoid arthritis, this condition is marked by inflammation in the joints. But there are some differences between the two diseases.

"With ankylosing spondylitis, the body's own immune system turns against the ligaments and tendons around the spine," Dr. Shah says. "As the ankylosing spondylitis progresses, additional stiffness can ensue."

In very severe cases, the bones of the spine may grow together, causing a forward curvature of the spine and possibly disability.

Symptoms typically appear in the hips and lower back before occurring in the neck, Dr. Shah adds. This type of arthritis affects the whole neck.

Unlike osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis has no known cause.

What are the risk factors for arthritis in the neck?

There are a lot of reasons you may be more or less likely to have arthritis in the neck. Here are some top risk factors.

Age

Aging is one of the top risk factors for arthritis in the neck, but it's not the only cause. And, in fact, older age isn't always a major risk factor—that depends on the type of arthritis you have.

Unlike osteoarthritis, which typically occurs with age, rheumatoid arthritis can occur at any age. And ankylosing spondylitis can become symptomatic in adolescence or early adulthood.

Genetics

People with a family history of arthritis may have a genetic predisposition for developing arthritis in the neck, Dr. Singh explains.

Occupation

"Individuals with occupations that involve repetitive neck motions or overhead work may experience greater stress on the neck, making them more prone to arthritis in the neck," says Dr. Singh.

Neck injuries

Previous neck injuries and traumas may also contribute to the development of arthritis in the neck.

Smoking

Smoking can also contribute to the degeneration of cervical discs, increasing the risk of arthritis.

"Smoking tends to increase nicotine levels within the blood, and nicotine can work to choke off blood to different areas," Dr. Shah says. "As such, with limited blood supply, smoking can work to impede the body's reaction to any of the arthritic conditions, potentially making each of these types of arthritis worse."

Gender

While genetics can play a role in all three types of arthritis in the neck, rheumatoid arthritis typically affects women more than men.

Ankylosing spondylitis, on the other hand, typically affects more men than women, Dr. Shah says.

What are the symptoms of arthritis in the neck?

Surprisingly, many people do not experience any symptoms of arthritis. Those who do, however, may experience the following symptoms:

• neck pain
• neck stiffness
• headaches
• numbness or weakness of the arms, hands, legs, or feet
• sensations of grinding or popping while turning the neck
• muscle spasms
• loss of bowel or bladder control
• lack of coordination
• fatigue and/or trouble sleeping

These arthritis symptoms could last for several months or become chronic over time.

With rheumatoid arthritis, you may also experience stiffness in the hands and wrists, particularly in the morning after waking up, Dr. Shah notes.

"Ankylosing spondylitis may affect the back and hips, again with symptoms worse after waking up," he says.

When should you see a doctor for arthritis in the neck?

If your symptoms of arthritis in the neck do not improve over time, schedule an appointment with your doctor.

"If neck pain is not relieved by activity modification, rest, or over-the-counter pain relief medications, and symptoms remain unimproved for four to six weeks, it is time to consult a physician," Dr. Singh says.

It's especially important to check in with your doc if your neck pain symptoms are associated with neurological deficits, such as weakness in your hands or legs, loss of balance, or trouble walking.

How is arthritis in the neck diagnosed?

Following a review of your medical history, your doctor will conduct a physical exam wherein he or she will evaluate the following:

• strength
• reflexes
• neck flexibility
• range of motion
• gait
• blood flow
• touch sensation

If necessary, your doctor may order one or more diagnostic imaging tests. These can include X-rays, a CT scan, an MRI, or myelography.

An X-rays will reveal the alignment of the bones in your neck and can document degenerative changes in your cervical spine.

Because it shows 3D images, a CT scan offers a more-detailed look at your spinal canal than an X-ray, which may reveal bone spurs.

An MRI provides a detailed look at the soft tissues in the neck, so your doctor can determine whether damage to these tissues might be causing your symptoms.

Myelography is a type of imaging test that uses an X-ray or CT scan and contrast dye to get a picture of the spinal cord and nerve roots in the spinal canal.

Your doctor also may perform a nerve function test.

"Nerve function tests, such as a nerve conduction study and/or electromyography (EMG), can be conducted to determine if the nerve signals are being transmitted to the individual's muscles," Dr. Singh says.

What are the treatments for arthritis in the neck?

For most people with arthritis in the neck, surgery is not necessary. Instead, your doctor will probably start with a treatment plan that includes medication, heating or icing, and/or physical therapy.

Medications

Depending on your type of arthritis and level of neck pain, you might use an over-the-counter (OTC) medication or prescription drug. For some people, a combination of medications can help.

Medications for treating arthritis in the neck include:

• OTC pain relievers such as acetaminophen
• OTC nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen and naproxen
• Oral corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
• Muscle relaxants to relieve muscle spasms
• Disease-modifying arthritis medications

"[For] those who have neck pain due to inflammatory arthritis—rheumatoid and ankylosing spondylitis—disease-modifying arthritis medication to suppress the immune system may be prescribed," Dr. Shah explains. "By modulating the immune response, the medication is used to specifically curtail the body's reaction to one's own tissues."

In other words, your immune system may attack your own tissues, but arthritis drugs can curb that reaction.

Heat and ice

Your doctor may recommend you use hot or cold therapy to treat your pain. Which you use will depend on the cause of your pain.

Generally speaking, ice packs can help relieve inflammation, such as after an injury happens. Heat can improve muscle movement and make your tissues more flexible, making it a good solution for chronic pain.

Physical therapy

It might sound counterintuitive, but moving your body when you're experiencing neck pain can make a difference. Your doctor might prescribe physical therapy so you can learn safe and effective moments to ease aches and stiffness.

Treatment varies but usually starts with exercises that strengthen or stretch the muscles. If needed, your treatment also may include posture therapy or traction.

How long you need physical therapy depends on the severity of your arthritis of the neck and how well you respond to the exercises.

Soft cervical collar

In some cases, your doctor may recommend that you limit your neck motion to reduce stress on your muscles.

You'll need to wear a soft cervical collar, which is a padded ring you place around your neck. In general, a soft cervical collar is worn for short periods of time.

Surgery

In the event nonsurgical treatment does not provide relief to severe neck pain, surgery may be an option to resolve arthritis in the neck.

This may be the case if your arthritis is caused by a herniated disc pressing on a spinal nerve. You may need surgery to remove the disc.

How can you prevent arthritis in the neck?

One of the best ways to prevent arthritis in the neck is by maintaining good posture.

"Maintaining correct posture throughout the day and during sleep, coupled with neck strengthening exercises, may help to prevent [the] development of arthritis in the neck," Dr. Singh says.

So check your posture—especially if you work behind a computer all day long or have a habit of scrolling social media on your phone.

"Incorrect posture, such as being hunched forward when looking at a computer or phone, applies pressure to the neck and spine," he says. "Good posture, when ears are directly over the shoulders, with the chest open and shoulder back, can relieve neck pain and help prevent arthritis in the neck."

Don't forget proper sleep posture.

"Having good neck and back support during sleep, by utilizing a mattress and pillow that correspond to your sleep position, can help prevent neck arthritis," Dr. Singh says.

Maintaining a routine of neck-strengthening exercises and neck-flexibility exercises also can help prevent arthritis in the neck.

Next, check out home remedies for neck pain that really work.

https://www.msn.com/en-us/health/medical/how-to-tell-if-you-have-arthritis-in-your-neck/ar-AALh7RF?li=BBnba9O

What to Know About Psoriatic Arthritis and COVID-19

From verywellhealth.com

Psoriatic arthritis is a systemic type of arthritis that develops in some people with psoriasis, an autoimmune disease that causes plaques on the skin. It causes inflammation in many joints of the body.

People with psoriatic arthritis are often prescribed immunosuppressive medications to manage their symptoms and reduce inflammation. Because this type of medication weakens your immune system response, people with psoriatic arthritis who take these medications are at increased risk of acquiring infections, possibly including a coronavirus infection.

Psoriatic Arthritis and COVID-19 Risk

Commonly prescribed medications for psoriatic arthritis include nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and disease-modifying drugs like methotrexate. They can help reduce inflammation and related symptoms. If these medications fail to improve symptoms, biologic medications are recommended next.

Biologics are a class of drugs that suppress the immune system to reduce inflammation in autoimmune diseases. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a specific cytokine, a cell-signaling protein produced by the immune system, that causes inflammation. Because TNF is elevated in patients with psoriatic arthritis, TNF inhibitors such as Humira (adalimumab), Remicade (infliximab), Enbrel (etanercept), Cimzia (certolizumab pegol), and Simponi (golimumab) are commonly prescribed to treat this condition.

Interleukins are also inflammatory cytokine proteins that are often elevated in psoriatic arthritis. Interleukin inhibitors are therefore also used to manage symptoms. However, biologics like TNF inhibitors and interleukin inhibitors may increase the risk of infections and lower the body's ability to fight infections, including COVID-19.

Despite the immune-suppressing quality of biologic medication, there is no direct evidence at this time that suggests taking methotrexate or biologics increases the risk of COVID‐19. It is possible that these drugs may provide a protective factor against pulmonary fibrosis, a major complication associated with worsened outcomes and death from COVID-19.

Both methotrexate and biologics also have the potential to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in those with psoriatic arthritis and may therefore be protective against COVID-19 since cardiovascular disease is a major risk factor for COVID-19 infection.

If you have psoriatic arthritis, it is recommended that you continue your medication to prevent worsening of symptoms and progression of your condition. Always consult your doctor before stopping or changing the dosage of your medications.

Complications of Psoriatic Arthritis and COVID-19

While evidence is still preliminary and more research is needed, current evidence suggests that patients with psoriatic arthritis treated with immunosuppressive medications are not at increased risk of complications from COVID-19 compared with the general population.

Research supports that people with psoriatic arthritis are not at an increased risk of hospitalization compared with the general population, and that the use of biologics is not associated with worsening symptoms from COVID-19.

Psoriatic Arthritis Treatments and COVID-19

Hydroxychloroquine, a malaria drug with antiviral properties, has recently been used to treat symptoms of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Research suggests that psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis can be aggravated by hydroxychloroquine since the medication may increase the production of interleukins.

In one study of 18 patients with psoriasis treated with hydroxychloroquine, 50% developed a new onset of psoriasis, 27.8% experienced aggravated symptoms, and 22.2% experienced a relapse of psoriasis after treatment.

Because of its potential in worsening psoriatic arthritis symptoms, hydroxychloroquine is not recommended to prevent or treat COVID-19 in patients with psoriatic arthritis.

The use of monoclonal antibodies along with quarantine at home are recommended for people with psoriatic arthritis who become infected with coronavirus.

If hospitalization is required, it is recommended that people with psoriatic arthritis are treated with remdesivir, dexamethasone, and baricitinib.

Frequently Asked Questions

How can I stay on top of my treatment for psoriatic arthritis during the COVID-19 pandemic?

Telehealth visits are recommended for patients with psoriatic arthritis to maintain communication with their healthcare providers and avoid exposure to COVID-19. Current research suggests that short-term breaks from in-person visits with rheumatologists do not have a major negative impact on the severity or progression of psoriatic arthritis symptoms, and that telehealth visits should be used to supplement in-person care whenever possible.

Should I get a COVID-19 vaccine if I have psoriatic arthritis? 

Although patients with rheumatologic conditions like psoriatic arthritis have not been included in widespread clinical trials for the COVID-19 vaccines, the National Psoriasis Foundation Task Force recommends that people with psoriatic arthritis should get a vaccine to decrease their risk of COVID-19 and related complications.

Should I stop taking my medications for psoriatic arthritis to decrease my risk of COVID-19?

For people with psoriatic arthritis who got COVID-19, no significant difference in symptoms has been reported between those who discontinued their medication and individuals who continued with their regular treatment.

There is no evidence at this time that suggests that biologic medication increases the risk of COVID-19. Stopping treatment is not recommended by the American College of Rheumatology because it can cause worsening psoriatic arthritis symptoms and increased risk of flare-ups. In those who tested positive for COVID-19, discontinuation of medication should be considered on a case-by-case basis.

How to Stay Safe

To minimize your risk of COVID-19, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advises those who may be at increased risk to:

Stay home as much as possible.

Avoid crowds and limit close contact with other people in public (maintain a social distance of six feet).

Avoid touching your eyes, nose, or mouth in public.

Disinfect or avoid touching frequently used surfaces in public places, such as doorknobs, elevator buttons, and shopping carts.

Wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer to clean your hands after going outside or touching public surfaces.

Symptoms of COVID-19 may appear between two and 14 days after exposure, and can include:

Cough

Shortness of breath

Fever

Chills

Loss of taste or smell

Sore throat

Headache

Muscle or body aches

Diarrhoea

Nausea or vomiting

Congestion

Fatigue

If you have any of these symptoms, it is best to get a COVID-19 test to determine if you have been infected. You can visit the website of your local or state health department to find a testing location near you. COVID-19 tests are typically covered by your health insurance or free if you are uninsured.

A Word From Verywell

While people with psoriatic arthritis taking biologic medications may be at an increased risk of infections, there is no evidence at this time that they are at an increased risk of acquiring COVID-19 or having more severe symptoms if they do become sick. It is recommended that people with psoriatic arthritis continue their medication and get a COVID-19 vaccine. Do not stop your medications without consulting your doctor first. Talk to your healthcare provider about your concerns regarding COVID-19 and medications.

https://www.verywellhealth.com/psoriatic-arthritis-and-covid-19-5176460

How Psoriatic Arthritis Taught Me to Accept My Body

From prevention.com

By Mallory Oslund, As Told to Jeff Csatari

You can find a silver lining anywhere—even in red, blotchy, itchy skin

When I was 15 months old, my parents noticed that my right knee was extremely swollen. I had been having some fevers, too, so they took me to see my paediatrician.

“We’ll do a blood test,” he told them, adding, “I think she’ll test positive for the ANA marker.” My doctor explained that ANA stands for “antinuclear antibodies,” an indication of an autoimmune reaction. Everyone’s immune system makes antibodies to help fight infections. But antinuclear antibodies often attack the body’s own tissues.

Sure enough, my blood test came back positive for the ANA marker. This finding, along with the swelling, helped my doctor diagnose me with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). (Today, it’s often referred to by doctors as juvenile idiopathic arthritis.) To treat it, I had to take 16 baby aspirin pills a day, which my mom said was a nightmare.

As the name suggests, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is arthritis of the joints that affects children 16 and under. Unlike the adult version, which lasts a lifetime, children typically outgrow JRA. That’s what happened to me.

I went to a rheumatologist who specialized in JRA, and he switched me from aspirin to a medication I had to take only twice a day. By the time I was 7, the swelling had gone, and I was weaned off the medication. My dad told me that after my last doctor’s visit, I went skipping down the hall with my red curls bouncing and a huge smile on my face; I was a big hit with the nurses.

Coping with a resurgence of pain—and new symptoms

From age 7 to 17, I didn’t have any symptoms. But when I was 18, during the start of my first year at the University of Oregon, the arthritis came back. This time, it was in my left knee. I wanted to be active and go out and do things, but I couldn’t because it was so swollen and painful. My doctor told me I had developed the adult version of JRA, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which has no cure. I was completely devastated; it felt like I’d lost control of my body.

The first thing the doctors did was drain the fluid from my swollen knee. Then they injected it with a steroid to keep it from becoming inflamed again. Over the years, I had my knee drained about four times to relieve the discomfort. I also tried three different oral pills before transitioning to an injection medication which worked great for me at that time. My knee no longer hurt or was swollen, and I was finally able to focus on my studies (being in pain is distracting!) and stay active.

Then one day in theatre class, I noticed my scalp was itching badly. I was going to regular follow-ups with my rheumatologist, so the next time I saw him, he looked at my scalp. He confirmed that the itch was caused by psoriasis and I had developed psoriatic arthritis (PsA). RA and PsA are similar, but with PsA, your immune system not only damages your joints but also attacks your skin by making too many skin cells.

Having PsA amplified my anxiety

I was hoping the itchy red blotches wouldn’t spread beyond my scalp, but they eventually did. Just in time for shorts and bikini season, they started popping up all over my legs and then spread to my middle, which was extremely uncomfortable, not to mention very embarrassing. Again, I felt so helpless.

There’s a lot of pressure facing women to look a certain way and meet certain standards of beauty, and I definitely felt that I didn’t measure up. I lacked confidence, so much so that eventually, I avoided dating and stopped going out with friends. On the rare occasions that I did go out, I was very aware of my outfit choices because I didn’t want people to judge my skin condition. Covering as much affected skin as possible was the name of the game.

Meanwhile, I tried several topical medications for the itch, which provided temporary relief. Eventually, they each stopped working, but after a while, we found one that brought it under control.

Coming to terms with my new reality

Psoriatic arthritis is as much a mental struggle as it is physical. I suffered from anxiety and depression, but over time learned to change how I felt about myself. Achieving good mental health is not a linear process; you have constant ups and downs; you just have to be patient. For me, what helps is remembering that I am a human being who is worthy of love and respect. There are things about my body that I can’t control, and that’s okay.

It’s also critical to have a strong support system. My mom is my biggest confidant and advocate. She’s a cancer survivor, and she taught me how to take charge of my health. I’ve gotten to know my body and learned to listen to it. If something doesn’t feel right, I talk to my rheumatologist. I’ve switched medications three or four times in the five years since college. You just have to keep trying to find what works best. And it’s important not to get stressed since stress can worsen flare-ups.

Another thing that really helps me: Helping others who have been diagnosed with psoriasis. I do this through the National Psoriasis Foundation’s One to One mentor-mentee program. I tell fellow sufferers what my mom told me: Be your own best advocate. Ask questions. Try new medications to see what works for you. Be patient.

And when you get self-conscious about the way you look and start talking negatively, ask yourself, “Would I say any of the horrible things I say to myself to my best friend?” Of course not, so why say them to yourself? Cut yourself some slack. Treat yourself with as much respect, care, patience, and love as you show your friends and family.

Today, I have hardly any scalp itching, and my whole body is clear of red patches. The medication I’m taking helps my arthritis. I’m exercising regularly, mostly brisk walking, hiking, and some brief high-intensity workouts. It’s taken me a while to get to a good place with my condition, but all the trial and error has been worth it to finally feel comfortable in my body.

https://www.prevention.com/health/health-conditions/a36597506/psoriatic-arthritis-mallory-oslund/

Rheumatoid arthritis: The early signs of this debilitating condition

From express.co.uk

RHEUMATOID arthritis can be devastating for those diagnosed. You must seek treatment early. Here are some early indicators of this condition.

If a person’s immune system is not functioning properly joints can become inflamed - this is known as rheumatoid arthritis. When this kind of arthritis fully sets in those suffering will experience joint pain and stiffness. But, there are some early signs of this debilitating condition that should not be ignored.

You must act quickly, the faster you seek treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the better your chances are of being able to reduce flares.

But how can you tell if you are in the early stages of this condition? Here are the early signs to watch out for:

Rheumatoid arthritis early signs: Feeling feverish could be an early sign

(Image: GETTY)

Fatigue

An early sign of this condition could be feelings of fatigue.

If you struggle to get up in the morning or if after having a full nights sleep you still feel drained this could be an early concerning sign.

Feeling extremely tired could be due to your body’s reaction to the inflammation in the joints.

Mild fever

Many illnesses start with a raised temperature, RA could be among that number.

Those suffering from the condition often feel feverish in the early stages of it.

Weight loss

Weight loss can precede any noticeable effects on the joints.

Many people feel feverish and fatigued due to this condition, this can lead to weight loss as appetite is reduced.

Stiffness

Repeated tenderness and stiffness may at first appear in just one or two small joints.

You may be tempted to ignore this as sometimes it comes on slowly and only lasts for several days - but this is a common early sign of RA.

Joint tenderness

Another early sign of RA is tenderness in the hands and feet.

Tenderness in the joints in the middle and at the base of the fingers may occur, whilst in the feet, the toe and heel joints may be tender when walking.

Joint swelling

If your joints appear swollen this is a typical early sign of RA.

This most often occurs in the hand and feel, swelling grows as RA develops, but, initially the swelling may be subtle.

Redness

The skin around inflamed joints may appear red in appearance, this often starts in the joints around the hands and feet.

Warmth

Another early sign of RA is joint warmth, this is caused by the inflammation RA causes.

Reduced motion

If you are struggling to bend your joints this decrease in the range of motion could indicate that you are in the early stages of RA.

Difference between joints

Sometimes those affected by RA experience the symptoms in the joints on both sides of the body. So for example, you might have stiffness in both wrists. It is important to note that while this symmetry common, not every sufferer experiences this with the condition.

There is no cure for RA currently, but, early diagnosis and swift treatment can help relieve flare-ups when they occur.

So if you are experiencing any of the symptoms above, it is a good idea to get these checked out as they could be an early sign of RA.

https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/health/1449417/rheumatoid-arthritis-early-signs-list-EVG

Arthritis diet: Three of the best spices to avoid arthritis symptoms and joint pain

From express.co.uk

ARTHRITIS symptoms can include joint pain, inflammation, and restricted movement. You could lower your risk of arthritis pain by making just a few changes to your daily diet. These are the best spices to protect against joint pain

Arthritis is a very common condition that affects more than 10 million people in the UK, according to the NHS. If you've been diagnosed with arthritis, you could benefit from making some changes to your lifestyle - including what you eat.

About 10 million people have arthritis in the UK - most of which have osteoarthritis. The condition is caused by the smooth cartilage between joints being worn down.

Rheumatoid arthritis, meanwhile, affects about 400,000 people in the UK. It's an autoimmune condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the cells lining joints.

Best spices to avoid arthritis symptoms and joint pain (Image: GETTY Images)

Eating certain foods and spices can help to relieve joint pain linked to arthritis, according to the Arthritis Foundation. Anti-inflammatory foods are an ideal addition to your diet, because arthritis pain is largely linked to inflammation.

Joints and other parts of the body can become inflamed, and certain spices block the inflammation from ever developing. Ginger, turmeric and cinnamon are some of the best types of spice to protect against joint pain, it said.

"Gingerol and shogaol are the chemicals in ginger that block inflammation pathways in the body," it said.

"Along with its anti-inflammatory properties, some studies have shown ginger can also reduce osteoarthritis symptoms, although other studies do not find such benefit.

"Curcumin is the active chemical in turmeric root; it blocks inflammatory cytokines and enzymes in two inflammatory pathways. Several human trials have shown an anti-inflammatory benefit, which can translate to reduced joint pain and swelling.

"Cinnamon contains cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic acid, both of which have antioxidant properties that help inhibit cell damage caused by free radicals."

But, while there are some foods that help to relieve joint pain, some foods can aggravate it.

It's best to steer clear of anything with added sugars or gluten, nutritionists have claimed. Alcohol could also worsen arthritis symptoms - particularly those with either osteoarthritis or gout.

If you're worried about your arthritis diet, you should consider speaking to a doctor or a nutritionist.

Some of the most common symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis include joint pain, stiffness, and restricted movement. The symptoms tend to develop gradually over a few weeks, and they may come and go.

There isn't any cure for rheumatoid arthritis, but early diagnosis is absolutely crucial. Treatments are available that help patients to go months, or even years, between flare-ups.

https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/health/1449015/arthritis-diet-best-spices-avoid-arthritis-symptoms-evg

Yoga and psoriatic arthritis: What to know

From medicalnewstoday.com

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) causes joint pain and swelling. Physical activity may worsen or relieve the symptoms. Certain types of exercise may be better than others

There is currently no cure for PsA. However, people can make certain lifestyle changes, such as incorporating yoga into their routine, to relieve the symptoms. This can be a vital part of managing the condition.

This article explains how yoga may help with PsA, how to stay safe when practicing yoga, and which poses are best for people with PsA. It also discusses where to find yoga classes and when to seek medical advice.

What is PsA?

PsA causes chronic swelling and inflammation of the joints. The condition also causes skin-related symptoms such as itching.

PsA usually starts when a person is 30–50 years old, but onset can occur at any age. According to the Arthritis Foundation, approximately 1 in 3 people with psoriasis eventually develop PsA.

Can yoga be good for PsA?

Although there are medical treatment options available for PsA, making certain lifestyle changes may also help people cope with the symptoms. Relaxation techniques and gentle exercise may help relieve the symptoms and protect the joints.

The Arthritis Foundation recommends low impact exercises, such as yoga, for people with PsA. Yoga involves deep breathing, physical poses, and concentration, and when a person practices it regularly, it can promote a feeling of calm and well-being. It may also help a person feel more flexible.

In the United States, more than 1 in 7 adults took part in yoga in the past year, according to the National Centre for Complementary and Integrative Health.

Although research into yoga specifically for PsA is limited, many studies look at the benefits of yoga for other forms of arthritis.

For example, one 2018 review looks at 13 clinical trials and suggests that regular yoga sessions may help with knee-specific arthritis symptoms. A 2019 review of nine trials suggests that yoga may or may not be helpful for people with osteoarthritis involving the knees.

PeopleImages/Getty Images

What are the precautions?

Before starting any new physical activity, a person should discuss it with a doctor or physical therapist. If the person was active before receiving their PsA diagnosis, they may be able to continue at the same level, assuming that the movements they perform are safe and do not add extra strain to the joints.

People with PsA may struggle to perform certain movements comfortably for prolonged periods of time. In fact, the National Psoriasis Foundation suggests that people with PsA try water-based exercise to help reduce pressure on the joints. People may be able to practice some yoga positions in a swimming pool.

Although yoga is generally safe for people with PsA, some poses may worsen the pain. People should also try to avoid any yoga movements that they are unable to perform safely.

Where to find yoga classes 

Yoga classes may be available through local community centres, gyms, swimming pools, fitness centres, and online. For example:

• Local community centres often provide yoga classes at varying intensities and for different skill levels for free or at a low cost.
• Yoga classes are also a staple of most gym schedules.
• Some swimming pool facilities may also offer water-based yoga activities.
• Online options for people who prefer to work out at home include YouTube videos and subscription fitness streaming services.

Do I need any special equipment?

All a person needs is a mat. However, some other accessories that may make yoga more comfortable include:

• yoga blocks to adjust positioning as needed
• a yoga towel for added padding during kneeling positions
• a yoga strap to help with stretching

What are the best yoga poses for PsA?

The Arthritis Foundation recommends the following yoga poses for people with PsA:

Cat-Cow

To perform this pose:

1. Place a towel under the knees to maintain comfort throughout the movement.
2. Get into a tabletop position on the hands and knees.
3. Alternate rounding the back while dropping the head and arching the back while looking straight ahead.

Cat-Cow is a good warm-up and cool-down exercise.

Cobbler’s Pose

To perform this pose:

1. Get into a seated position on the floor with the feet together.
2. Lean forward from the hips to get in a stretch.
3. Hold this position for 30 seconds.

Seated Spinal Twist

To perform this pose:

1. In a seated position, stretch out both legs in front of the body, then bring up one knee and cross that leg over the other one.
2. Twist toward the hip on the crossed leg’s side, looking back over the shoulder. Be careful to twist gently and not strain to look over the shoulder.
3. Hold the position for several seconds, then repeat on the other side.

Chair Pose

To perform this pose:

1. Stand with the feet shoulder-width apart.
2. Squat back as if moving to sit in an invisible chair. At the same time, raise the arms. The knees should not move past the toes.
3. Hold the position for at least 30 seconds.

Standing Forward Bend

To perform this pose:

1. Stand with the feet slightly apart and the knees slightly bent.
2. Slowly lower down, letting the arms hang toward the floor, holding the pose for several breaths.
3. To come out of the pose, slowly curl back up one vertebra at a time.

Other poses

Some other poses that can help stretch and strengthen the body include Bridge, Warrior ll, and Baby Cobra.

What are the different types of yoga?

There are several different types of yoga. Some people may prefer a single style over others. Types include:

• Iyengar: This often involves the use of props, and it emphasizes correct bodily alignment.
• Hatha yoga: This is what most people think of when they think of yoga. The mind-body practice incorporates body movements, relaxation techniques, and breathing exercises.
• Bikram yoga: This is also known as hot yoga, and it involves performing yoga movements in heated rooms.
• Vinyasa: This involves series of movements strung together to create a flow of movement.
• Ashtanga: This is similar to Vinyasa but focuses on endurance.

What are the benefits of yoga?

The many benefits of yoga include:

• helping with joint pain and stiffness
• reducing stress and anxiety
• improving joint flexibility
• building muscle strength
• improving balance

Yoga is a low impact exercise, so people may still be able to practice it when PsA pain makes other movements difficult.

Summary

Yoga can be beneficial for people with PsA, as it is generally a low impact exercise that involves physical poses along with deep breathing and concentration. It can help a person feel calm and may also help them feel more flexible.

However, people should be careful to avoid movements that worsen their pain. If a person is new to yoga or exercise in general, they should talk with a doctor to get some guidance on whether or not this type of exercise is right for them.

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/yoga-for-psoriatic-arthritis

Early indications of rheumatoid arthritis in young adults

From freemalaysiatoday.com

By Dr Badrul Shah Badaruddin

Arthritis is an old person disease – how many times have you heard this? The truth of the matter is that while it is a condition that is often seen in the elderly, many young adults are also afflicted by it.

In fact, there are more than 100 types of arthritis and related conditions that many suffer from. From this list, one of the most common forms of arthritis that affect young adults is rheumatoid arthritis, a chronic inflammatory disorder which affects the lining of your joints.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune and systemic disease, which means it affects the whole body.

People can get rheumatoid arthritis at any age, and in fact, eight in every 100,000 people aged between 18 to 34, are found to have rheumatoid arthritis. In Malaysia, it affects about five in 1,000 people.

Early indicators of rheumatoid arthritis in young adults

Joint stiffness

One of the early signs is the feeling of stiffness in one or more of the smaller joints. This most commonly occurs in the hands and it can occur at any time of the day. The stiffness is usually gradual, although it can also flare up suddenly. The stiffness often comes on in the morning, or after an extended period of inactivity. When joints are stiff, mobility is affected.

Joint pain

Joints tend to be more tender after it has gone through a bout of stiffness and the pain can be felt even at rest. The fingers and the wrists are typically the most affected although the knees, shoulders, ankles and feet hurt too. Joint pain affects quality of life, as even simple day-to-day tasks such as typing, or cooking can be an excruciating process.

Joint inflammation

Inflammation of the joints are also common and can cause your joints to appear bigger. Unfortunately, symmetrical joint swelling is also an identifying characteristic of this disease. The inflammation can affect the tendons and ligaments, causing deformities which can decrease the range of motion, leading to further difficulty in doing basic chores like putting on clothes.

Numbness and tingling

When the joints are inflamed, it can put pressure on the nerves. This can lead to numbness or a tingling sensation, particularly in the hands, and can be uncomfortable and worrisome.

Those who suffer any of these symptoms should also pay close attention to any other signs as well. For instance, when fevers are accompanied by any of these symptoms, it could be an indicator of rheumatoid arthritis.

If you have aches and pains, take them seriously even if you think it’s nothing. (Rawpixel pic)

That being said, these are the most common signs and symptoms. Studies indicate that 40% of the people who have rheumatoid arthritis also experience signs and symptoms that don’t involve the joints. This includes the skin, eyes, lungs, heart, kidneys, salivary glands, nerve tissue, bone marrow and blood vessels.

You need to start thinking about prevention before you reach your 50s and start taking steps to reduce the risk of stiff and painful joints as you age. There is clear evidence that shows, staying physically active helps with mobility, and will be good for your general health.

Other risk factors to take note of

Research shows that women are two to three times more likely to get this disease compared to men. While there is no specific gene that causes rheumatoid arthritis, there’s a genetic predisposition that requires one or two environmental triggers to start.

Studies have also shown that smoking cigarettes increases the risk of developing this disease. For those who already have it, the disease will get worse. And of course, excess weight puts added pressure on the joints.

Given the unpredictability of rheumatoid arthritis, taking steps to keep it at bay is important. Quit smoking, maintain a healthy weight and limit exposure to environmental pollution.

While there is no cure for this debilitating illness, treatments have improved greatly in recent years and there’s a clear benefit in starting treatment at an early stage. If you have aches and pains, take them seriously even if you think it’s nothing.

Pain tolerance levels for the younger generation can be high, but pain is pain and you shouldn’t ignore them – it’s your body’s way of giving you a message.

Pandemic or not, you must prioritize your bone and joint health. Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease that can occur at any point in your life, regardless of age. So, consult your specialist and get it checked out.

https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/opinion/letters/2021/06/06/early-indications-of-rheumatoid-arthritis-in-young-adults/

Arthritis: 5 spices to fight it naturally

From explica.co

Spices cannot be missing from the list of super foods to prevent and control arthritis, their content in unique compounds gives them immense anti-inflammatory power

It’s no secret to say that food is the best medicine. Not surprisingly, the nutrition trend currently focuses on the consumption of superfoods, which shine for their nutritional and therapeutic properties. In such a way that they are the best ally to prevent all kinds of chronic diseases, improve mental health, boost the immune system and benefit weight loss. In recent years one of the diseases that has been increasing the most is arthritis and that is why every day more people are interested in preventing and controlling it. Taking into account that more than 50 million Americans have arthritis, it is worth taking the proper precautions. Not surprisingly, according to information released by The Arthritis Foundation, it is the leading cause of disability in the United States.

Arthritis, a degenerative disease often associated with age and the aging process, is characterized by swelling and tenderness of one or more joints. It presents with symptoms such as joint pain and stiffness. Without a doubt, joint pain can be very annoying and usually has more active seasons than others and that usually present with extreme inflammation. It is also normal to have redness, tenderness, high temperature in the affected area and pain with movement.

Although as such there is no specific cure to combat arthritis, experts emphasize that complementary to medical treatment, lifestyle and eating habits play an essential role. That is why the consumption of medicinal foods will be a magnificent complement, such is the case of spices that shine for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and are a great ally to reduce chronic pain.

1. Turmeric

In the last few months everyone has been talking about Immense Medicinal Benefits of Turmeric Root, considered one of the oldest and most valued spices in traditional Chinese medicine. In addition to being a great culinary addition, turmeric is a powerful medicine that shines for its ability to reduce inflammation in the body. The main reason is associated with its content in curcumin (the active compound in turmeric) which has the power to block inflammatory cytokines and enzymes. In fact, there are numerous scientific studies, which have shown its benefits as one of the most powerful treatments against arthritis. Consuming it repeatedly translates into less swelling and pain in the joints.

Turmeric. / Photo: Pexels

2. Garlic

Garlic is one of the most powerful natural medicines, not in vain it has been used since ancient times by various cultures to treat numerous health conditions. And if that were not enough, it is a delicious and important ingredient in the kitchen worldwide. Studies do not lie and have shown that the overwhelming medicinal benefits of garlic, which is why it has been used for centuries as a natural ally to offer protection against infections, heart disease and even certain types of cancer. Its content in a unique compound called diallyl disulfide, which is characterized by its immense anti-inflammatory potential that limits the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, garlic can help fight pain, inflammation, and cartilage damage, typical symptoms of arthritis. The best recommendation is to bet on fresh garlic, since its medicinal properties will be obtained with much greater intensity. For those people who do not like its strong flavour and aroma, they can bet on the intake of natural supplements.

Garlic. / Photo: Pixabay

3. Ginger

We are not going to tire of talking about the immense medicinal power of ginger. It is simply one of the most popular spices for its healing potential. It also adds a unique spicy touch to all kinds of drinks and dishes. Although today we are quite familiar with its long list of benefits, including its benefits to improve digestion, strengthen the immune system, protect the respiratory system and in general prevent diseases. Specifically, it is the perfect natural supplement to treat arthritis, thanks to its content of two very powerful substances: gingerols and sogaols, which inhibit inflammation. In addition, there are some studies that have shown that ginger also reduce the symptoms of osteoarthritis. Best of all, it is wonderful to integrate it into your daily diet, experts recommend eating it fresh; It can be infused or as a key ingredient in morning smoothies and juices.

Ginger. / Photo: Shutterstock

4. Cayenne pepper

We have good news for all lovers of spicy, cayenne pepper and chilli powder in general: are a powerful natural treatment to decrease the symptoms associated with arthritis. Everything is related to its high content of unique and most healing natural compounds: capsaicinoids, which shine for their anti-inflammatory properties. Best of all, cayenne and other dried chilies can be used in many ways as they flavour sauces, marinades and dressings to perfection. They will undoubtedly be a great ally to bring a unique flavour to dishes, while fighting swelling and chronic pain.

Cayenne pepper. / Photo: Shutterstock

5. Cinnamon

We can’t leave without talking about the wonderful cinnamon, one of the most popular and favourite spices of all time. It is incredibly aromatic and the perfect ally to fill all kinds of smoothies, herbal teas, oatmeal, cakes and cookies with flavour. Cinnamon contains cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic acid, both substances are characterized by their immense antioxidant properties that help to obstruct cell damage. In addition, of course, it is added with its anti-inflammatory properties and its content in volatile oils (melatonin and coumarin), which are associated with thermal effects on the body that may help relieve arthritis symptoms.

Infusion of apple with cinnamon. / Photo: Shutterstock

https://www.explica.co/arthritis-5-spices-to-fight-it-naturally.html

7 Ways People Find Pain Relief for Psoriatic Arthritis

From self.com

Advice from people who are right there with you

Pain relief for psoriatic arthritis can be a complex topic. Even though there are numerous treatments for the condition, people with psoriatic arthritis may still have periods of flares when it becomes extremely painful to do just about anything.

Psoriatic arthritis is a form of inflammatory arthritis that can cause psoriasis plaques on the skin as well as joint swelling, stiffness, and pain, according to the Mayo Clinic. The condition commonly affects joints in the hands, feet, wrists, ankles, and knees, which can make it difficult and painful for many people—especially during a flare—to do everything from washing their hair to lifting a coffee mug.

Because of this, many people with psoriatic arthritis find ways to care for their joints so that they can keep living life. Of course, medications are a big part of finding pain relief for psoriatic arthritis, but making lifestyle modifications can also help you care for your joints day-to-day. Here are seven practices that people with psoriatic arthritis as well as doctors who treat the disease recommend.

pixelfit/Getty Images

1. Look for items that help make everyday tasks easier.

Even manoeuvring your hand to brush your teeth can be really painful when you have psoriatic arthritis, says Samardeep Gupta, M.D., rheumatology professor at the University of Michigan and co-director of the Derm Rheum Collaborative Clinic at VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System. If you can, he recommends using an electric toothbrush instead of a more labour-intensive manual toothbrush. And you don’t need to purchase an expensive model to get a good cleaning. For example, the highly-rated Arm & Hammer Spinbrush Pro + Deep Clean costs $10 on Amazon. Shoe horns are another tool that many people with psoriatic arthritis find helpful, according to Dr. Gupta. The Vive Long Handled Shoe Horn is popular on Amazon because it can be used while standing or sitting ($9, Amazon).

Sarah K., 35, who was diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis in 2009, says she primarily uses light plastic or stainless steel tumblers instead of glass because they’re easier to lift. (She also uses cups with lids and straws to potentially avoid spilling.) Similarly, if you have a hard time using a coffee mug, adding an ergonomic second handle like the Vivi Duo Cup Holder ($20, ArthritisSupplies.com), can make your cup easier to grip.

2. Buy pre-chopped ingredients and meal kits if possible.

For Gemma H., 35, preparing meals come with numerous challenges. Everything from chopping food to opening cans and lifting pans can be painful, Gemma, who was diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis in 2012, says. To help make cooking as easy as possible, she buys pre-chopped vegetables and microwaveable bags of rice, vegetables, and ready-to-heat meals. Food delivery kits that come with pre-chopped ingredients are another option for people who enjoy cooking but want to minimize how much they need to use their hands. These types of semi-prepared foods are generally more expensive, but they can make meal prep easier if you are able to purchase them. Otherwise, you may want to prepare and freeze several meals on days when you have minimal pain to eat on days when you’re not up for cooking.

3. Use voice-activated software if you can.

Chances are, you spend a good amount of time tapping away on your phone or computer to communicate with friends, look at the weather, or scroll through Instagram. For people with psoriatic arthritis, these activities can exacerbate wrist and hand strain. “When my hands are especially stiff and swollen, I utilize dictation software on my phone and computer,” Sarah tells SELF.

If you have a smartphone, you can simply use the dictation program built into your phone to send texts. (The exact way to do this varies depending on the phone, so you may want to research directions for your specific model online.) When using Google Docs, you can search for the “Tools” heading in the toolbar at the top and select “Voice Typing.” Newer computers and cell phones also have voice recognition assistants—Siri, Cortana, Alexa, etc.—that allow you to tap a button and then speak about whatever it is you want to search for on the internet with minimal hand involvement.

4. Consider adding heat therapy to your self-care plan.

Amanda B., 29, has relied on heat therapy for pain relief for psoriatic arthritis since her diagnosis in 2019. (Warm temperatures can help your muscles relax and relieve joint pain and swelling, according to the Cleveland Clinic.) “Heat from a heating pad or an electric blanket help a lot, especially for my spine and hips,” Amanda tells SELF. (One SELF staffer likes the Thermophore MaxHeat Arthritis Pad, which is available on Amazon for $62.) If you already have a self-care plan, adding heat to your ritual can make the practice enjoyable and help you stay consistent. For example, Amanda ends her evenings by taking a relaxing, warm bath using rose petals, bath bombs, and Epsom salt. “This definitely makes a difference in my pain and stiffness levels the following morning,” Amanda explains. Dr. Gupta says many of his patients like dipping their hands in warm paraffin wax, which helps alleviate pain and also feels like a mini spa treatment. To be as safe as possible, it’s a good idea to talk to your doctor about how to properly perform wax baths at home. (Wax shouldn’t be hotter than 125 degrees Fahrenheit or be used on broken skin, according to Michigan Medicine.)

5. Explore acupuncture if it’s feasible for you.

Acupuncture involves inserting very thin needles (about the width of a strand of hair) into your skin to stimulate specific points on your body, according to the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Generally, the practice is considered safe as long as you see an experienced practitioner who uses sterile needles.

While there is not a wealth of research showing that acupuncture may specifically help reduce psoriatic arthritis pain, anecdotally, many people say it helps with their condition. “Some patients really derive a lot of relief from acupuncture,” Rebecca Haberman, M.D., clinical instructor of rheumatology at NYU Grossman School of Medicine, tells SELF. If you want to add acupuncture to your treatment plan, know that it will likely take more than one session to experience any noticeable effects, according to the Mayo Clinic. Before scheduling your first appointment, you may want to ask your physician for their opinion as well as referrals to licensed acupuncturists.

6. Try low-impact exercises when you want to be active.

There are a lot of good reasons to exercise when you have psoriatic arthritis. “Exercise can help relieve some of that joint pain and stiffness that people with psoriatic arthritis experience,” Dr. Haberman says. That’s because keeping your muscles, tendons, and ligaments strong can help take some pressure off of your joints, which helps with the pain. Regular exercise also keeps your heart healthy—which is important because people with psoriatic arthritis have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease, Dr. Haberman explains. However, doing a lot of very high-impact activities such as running can put extra stress on your joints and make you feel worse, she says. Understandably, if you really enjoy high-intensity interval training or running, this can be difficult to accept. But with time and some experimentation, you may find ways to balance running and lower-impact exercises or even discover new activities that you love. “In my 12 years since diagnosis, I have become more and more comfortable with my body and knowing its capacity,” Sarah says. Rather than following a specific fitness plan, Sarah focuses on moving her body in a way that feels good each day—whether that’s dancing, walking outside, swimming, or stretching.

For Amanda, hopping on her elliptical machine every day helps relieve some of her hip pain and helps prevent gelling, which happens when your joints stiffen up from lack of movement. “When I experience gelling in my knees, it makes them feel like they're full of liquid and it's difficult to walk without falling. Doing gentle and low-impact cardio helps prevent this for me on most days,” she says.

7. Know when to go easy and take breaks.

This advice sounds simple, but it can be hard to follow at times. “I have learned over 10 years of chronic illness that nothing is worth putting yourself in more pain for, despite what society would have you think,” Gemma says. “If I push myself to do tasks I'm not well enough for, it simply pushes back my recovery and extends the length of time I am in pain.” Of course, you might not always have the option to delay certain tasks or to call out sick when you have trouble getting out of bed. In those circumstances, try not to judge yourself too harshly if you can’t do things as well as you would like. If you have a strong support system, then you may want to consider asking your family and friends for help with running errands or cooking meals if you can.

https://www.self.com/story/psoriatic-arthritis-joint-care